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Training American Truckers since 1963

Writer's pictureMarcie Tomb

How to Do a Pre-Trip Inspection: A Complete Step-by-Step Guide


Performing a pre-trip inspection is essential to ensure the safety and functionality of your vehicle. This guide provides a detailed checklist, covering everything from tires to dashboard lights, to ensure a safe journey. Whether you’re learning how to do a pre-trip inspection for a Class B or Class A CDL vehicle, this guide has you covered. Let’s dive in and learn how to perform a pre-trip inspection like a pro!


What is a Pre-Trip Inspection?

A pre-trip inspection is a systematic check of your vehicle’s essential components to confirm everything is in working order. This process is critical for safety and compliance with CDL regulations, ensuring that your vehicle is road-ready and safe to drive.


Getting Your Commercial Learner's Permit (CLP)

To get your Commercial Learner's Permit (CLP), you’ll need to understand the fundamentals of CDL regulations and requirements. The CDL Expert ELDT Theory course covers everything you need to know to prepare for your CLP. This course meets all Entry-Level Driver Training (ELDT) standards, making it a comprehensive resource for new drivers.


How Long Do You Have to Do a Pre-Trip Inspection?

A thorough pre-trip inspection usually takes around 15-30 minutes, depending on the size and condition of the vehicle. It’s recommended to perform a full

inspection before each trip.


How to Perform a Pre-Trip Inspection: Step-by-Step

  1. Tires and Wheels

    • Tire Pressure & Condition: Check that each tire is properly inflated. Inspect for signs of damage like cuts, bulges, or punctures.

    • Tread Depth: Ensure at least 4/32-inch tread depth for the front tires and 2/32-inch for others​.

  2. Brakes

    • Brake Pads and Rotors: Examine for wear and listen for any unusual noises.

    • Air Brakes (if applicable): Ensure air pressure is within safe limits, and inspect for leaks​.

  3. Lights and Reflectors

    • Test all lights—headlights, taillights, turn signals, and brake lights—for proper functionality. Good visibility is crucial, especially in low-light or adverse weather.

  4. Fluid Levels

    • Engine Oil, Coolant, and Brake Fluid: Check and top off as needed. Low levels can cause engine damage.

    • Leaks: Look for any signs of fluid leaks under the vehicle​.

  5. Battery

    • Inspect battery terminals for corrosion, ensure connections are tight, and confirm the battery is charged.

  6. Belts and Hoses

    • Check for wear, cracks, or fraying in belts and hoses, and replace any showing damage​.

  7. Windshield Wipers

    • Ensure the wipers are in good condition and effectively clear the windshield. Replace worn blades for optimal visibility.

  8. Steering and Suspension

    • Test the steering system for smooth operation and check suspension components for wear or damage that could impact vehicle handling.

  9. Exhaust System

    • Inspect the exhaust system for leaks, rust, or damage. A functional exhaust system is crucial for performance and safety.

  10. Horn

  11. Test the horn to ensure it works properly to alert other drivers if needed.

  12. Emergency Kit

  13. Verify that your vehicle has a fully stocked emergency kit with items like a first aid kit, flashlight, jumper cables, and reflective triangles.

  14. Vehicle Documentation

  15. Ensure all necessary documents, such as your driver’s license, registration, insurance card, and emergency contacts, are accessible in the vehicle.

  16. Emergency Brakes

  17. Engage the emergency brakes to confirm they’re working properly and can hold the vehicle in place.

  18. Mirrors

  19. Adjust mirrors for optimal visibility, and make sure they’re clean and free from obstructions.

  20. Exterior Condition

  21. Walk around the vehicle to check for any visible damage, such as dents or loose parts that could impact safety or performance.

  22. Air Conditioning and Heating

  23. Confirm that the air conditioning and heating systems function correctly to ensure passenger comfort.

  24. Interior Condition and Supplies

  25. Inspect the interior for cleanliness and ensure essential items, such as a spare tire, jack, and lug wrench, are available and in good condition.

  26. Seatbelts

  27. Ensure all seatbelts are functioning and securely fasten passengers in place. Replace any worn or damaged seatbelts.

  28. Dashboard Warning Lights

  29. Inspect the dashboard for any warning indicators that might signal underlying issues. Address any warning lights that are on.

  30. GPS or Navigation System

  31. Check that the GPS or navigation system is functioning and set to your destination.

  32. Sound System

  33. Test the sound system for clear audio to ensure entertainment and communication options are available.

  34. Cargo Area

  35. In the cargo area, ensure all items are securely stored to prevent shifting during travel.

  36. Test Drive

  37. Take the vehicle for a brief drive to check acceleration, braking, and listen for any unusual noises or vibrations.

  38. Alignment Check

  39. While driving on a straight road, observe if the vehicle pulls to one side. Proper alignment is crucial for safe handling and even tire wear.

  40. Final Walkaround

  41. Before departure, do a final walkaround to confirm that all doors are closed, windows are up, and lights are off. Double-check everything to ensure a smooth and safe journey.


Memorizing a Pre-Trip Inspection

If you’re wondering how to memorize a pre-trip inspection, using a checklist like this can help you stay organized. Many CDL training programs offer memory aids for mastering this critical process​. Outside in top to bottom works great, it also helps make sure you do it the same every time, which helps with memorization.


FAQs on Pre-Trip Inspections

  • How often should I perform a pre-trip inspection? Perform a pre-trip inspection daily for commercial trips, especially before any long journey.

  • Are pre-trip inspections required by law? Yes, for CDL holders, pre-trip inspections are federally required to ensure vehicle safety​​.

  • What should I do if I find an issue? Address any issues immediately by consulting a qualified mechanic.

  • Is it necessary for short trips? Even for short trips, a quick inspection can help prevent unexpected issues.

  • What happens if I skip the inspection? Skipping a pre-trip inspection can lead to breakdowns, accidents, or road emergencies that could have been prevented.


Conclusion

Performing a pre-trip inspection is crucial for the safety, reliability, and efficiency of your vehicle. By following this expanded checklist, you’ll catch potential issues early, prevent breakdowns, and ensure a safe and worry-free journey. For more on CDL requirements and inspection tips, visit the FMCSA CDL page​. And remember, CDL Expert’s ELDT Theory course covers everything you need to know to get your CLP, meeting all federal ELDT standards for a strong start in your CDL journey. Stay safe and drive smart!



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